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1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 75(2)abr. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441459

ABSTRACT

La diverticulitis apendicular es una enfermedad poco frecuente, con una incidencia aproximada de 1%. Se define por la presencia de divertículos verdaderos o falsos en la pared del apéndice cecal. Durante la fase aguda posee una clínica indistinguible a la apendicitis, sin embargo en ocasiones presenta características clínicas particulares que la distinguen de la apendicitis aguda, tales como la presencia de dolor abdominal insidioso o intermitente y/o ausencia de sintomatología gastrointestinal (náuseas, vómitos o anorexia). En la diverticulitis apendicular las técnicas imagenológicas son de utilidad limitada al otorgar información inespecífica, por lo que el diagnóstico tiende a realizarse mediante el estudio anatomopatológico del apéndice posterior a una intervención quirúrgica en paciente con cuadro clínico compatible con apendicitis aguda. El tratamiento de elección corresponde a la apendicectomía, lo que permite evitar complicaciones futuras como por ejemplo perforación apendicular, neoplasias, entre otros. Se obtuvieron los datos de fuentes como Pubmed y Scielo. Específicamente la búsqueda de artículos originales y de revisiones sistemáticas, preferentemente menores a 15 años de publicación en revistas científicas de alto índice de impacto, con las palabras "diverticulitis apendicular", "diverticulosis" y "complicaciones diverticulares".


Appendiceal diverticulitis is a rare disease with an incidence of approximately 1%. It is defined by the presence of true or false diverticula in the wall of the cecal appendix. During the acute phase, it has symptoms that are indistinguishable from appendicitis, however, it sometimes presents particular clinical characteristics that distinguish it from acute appendicitis, such as the presence of insidious or intermittent abdominal pain and/or the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, or anorexia). In appendiceal diverticulitis, imaging techniques are of limited utility as they provide non-specific information, so the diagnosis tends to be made through the pathology study of the treatment after surgery in a patient with a clinical picture compatible with acute appendicitis. The treatment of choice corresponds to appendectomy, which allows avoiding future complications such as appendiceal perforation, neoplasms, among others. Data were obtained from sources such as Pubmed and Scielo, specifically searching for original articles and systematic reviews with the words "apendicular diverticulitis", "diverticulosis" and "diverticular complications". The criteria used were articles mainly under 5 years of publication in high-impact scientific journals.

2.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 32(3): 233-243, 2021. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1353227

ABSTRACT

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current treatments act directly on the signal transduction pathways in cancer cells, mainly. One of the main pathways is associated with the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGFR), whose mutations leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and a higher rate of cell invasion. Activating mutations in the EGFR gene, which includes deletions in exon 19 and the L858R mutation in exon 21, were detected in most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Studies of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) such as Gefitinib, Erlotinib and Afatinib, compared with platinum-based treatments, showed that EGFR-TKIs produce increased disease-free survival, although only in patients whose cancers harbor activating mutations in the EGFR gene. Clinical trials also demonstrated that EGFR-TKIs are effective as first-line therapies in stage IV pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Here, the main aspects of the activation of the EGFR pathway in NSCLC will be reviewed, highlighting the importance for health professionals of correctly identifying activating mutations in the EGFR gene and acting quickly at the molecular level based on aforementioned treatments. (AU)


Subject(s)
ErbB Receptors/therapeutic use , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/therapy , Erlotinib Hydrochloride/therapeutic use , Gefitinib/therapeutic use , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/drug therapy , Afatinib/therapeutic use , Lung Neoplasms/therapy
3.
Rev. chil. ortop. traumatol ; 42(4): 213-221, 2001. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-310282

ABSTRACT

El autor ha hecho una revisión bibliográfica de la insuficiencia del tendón del músculo tibial posterior, una causa importante de pie plano adquirido en el adulto. Se resume la anatomía normal y patológica y la irrigación del tendón, así como la etiopatogenia de su insuficiencia, aceptando la clasificación de Johnson y Myerson. Se practica un análisis de los hallazgos que se encuentran en la anamnesis, exámen físico y estudio radiológico de estos enfermos. Se discuten los tratamientos ortopédicos y quirúrgicos preconizados por los diversos autores. En el tratamiento quirúrgico se señalan los procedimientos sobre las partes blandas, las osteotomías y las artrodesis, con sus respectivas indicaciones


Subject(s)
Humans , Flatfoot , Tenosynovitis , Tibial Nerve , Muscular Diseases
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